1492: Christopher Columbus travels to America 1497: First report of tobacco and use of Snuff by Taino-Indians on Haiti by Monk Romano Pane (follower of Christopher Columbus) 1548: Luis de Goes brings tobacco to Portugal, a relative of his, Damiano de Goes shows them to a French Doctor called Jean Nicot [not clear who really brought tobacco to Europe at first, see 1558] 1558: Doctor Francisco Hernandez brings tobacco to Europe [not clear who really brought tobacco to Europe at first, see 1548] 1561: Doctor Jean Nicot sends tobacco leafs to the French Queen Catherine de' Medici 1561: Catherine de' Medici grinds tobacco leafs and snuffs it, first production and use of Snuff in Europe 1620: Europe's first Snuff factory established in Sevilla, Spain [date unclear] 1642: Bull against use of Snuff in churches by Pope Urban III, lasted until 1724 1650: before 1650 Snuff is only used in Spain, Portugal, Italy, Ireland and Russia 1655: Snuff mentioned in France 1675: Snuff comes to Germany (probably with the huguenots) 1675: Monopoly on all tobacco and Snuff given to an Italian called Bignami by Bavarian elector 1690: Bull against use of Snuff in St. Peter's Basilica 1702: Englishmen capture two Spanish ships with Snuff on board, begin of rise of Snuff in England 1707: Unification of England and Scotland pushes Snuff in Europe, as Glasgow becomes main trans-shipment centre for American tobacco in Europe 1720: Fribourg & Treyer Snuff shop in London is established by Fribourg (Swiss) and Treyer (German) [date unclear] 1733: First German Snuff Factory, Gebrüder Bernard, established in Offenbach on the Main 1741: Frederick II bans import of Snuffboxes to foster domestic production 1774: German Snuff factory Lotzbeck established in Lahr 1828: Alkaloid in tobacco is discovered by chemists Reimann and Posselt, who name it Nicotin after Jean Nicot 1902: Today's largest German Snuff factory, Pöschl, established in Landshut 2004: De Kralingse Foundation established in the Netherlands, grinding Snuff on original Snuff mills
It is good and I should supply the following info myself but I do not have time. Anyway, I am quite certain that Native Americans used snuff for centuries before Columbus. If you look for Native American + tobacco use, you will probably find it.
@ Alvin: You are probably referring to 1497, right? This means that at this time a report was written down for the first time. At least according to my books. Of course, this list is not complete and I only wrote down what I read.
Pretty sure you (we) will be able to find a good deal of info on Native American uses of tobacco and snuff. They discovered the plant and used it in many ways. (This is off the top of my head.) They smoked it, chewed it, snuffed it, traded it, treasured it, and even used it as a psychedelic. If you take tons of it, you get high and have visions. That's all I can say for now, but they definitely very much appreciated the plant and were the first people in the world to do so.
I should do a little research on this, you're right. Obviously, they started taking it long before any European came to America. It's just a bit tricky to get a source for their snuff use. :-)
Here is an interesting essay that seems to suggest that American Indians in the California territory where introduced to tobacco taken in the form of Snuff from the white man.Early Uses of Indian Tobacco This seems likely for the time frame to travel from Haiti to the West coast in North America, during the days when settlers were on the move.
And here we have another interesting read about the uses of tobacco and its forms of ingestion in the Americas, pre and post Columbus.Tobacco and Shamanism in South America.
Alex, the first piece on California is not as in-depth. Also, these Indians were isolated by deserts from other groups to the south and east.
I doubt this is the last word but (from the second link above):
‘Tobacco snuffing, like the inhaling of intoxicants in general, seems to be peculiar to the New World, whence it spread to the Old World in post-Hispanic times. Like chewing, the snuffing of tobacco powder is of wide and scattered distribution, reaching from Chile to Colombia and, in rare cases, beyond into Mexico and North America. Again, this distributional evidence, coupled with the fact that snuffing of pulverized tobacco is found in close association with ecstatic and divinatory shamanistic techniques, suggests considerable antiquity of the custom.
and
The parent species of Nicotiana rustica and N. Tabacum have have been cultivated as far back as 8,000 years ago, and may be the first cultivated plant of the Americas. (Furst 1976:27).